Terdahulu 1 (klik)
Terdahulu 2 (klik)
Terdahulu 3 (klik)
Kata teman yang bertanya lagi “fosil kayu jadi batu usia
dia berjuta-juta tahun dulu….mana ada pokok gemunggar pada masa itu di nusantara (malaysia, indonesia dll)”
***
Sekurangnya-kurangnya ada 2 persoalan yang
beriringan yang sekali dengar bunyinya hampir sama tapi berbeza, iaitu:
- Berapakah masa paling pantas untuk proses ‘kayu bertukar menjadi batu’?
- Setelah itu, berapa lamakah pula ‘kayu yang telah menjadi batu’ itu telah berada dalam bumi?
Diringkaskan, untuk soalan per1, saintis dapat
membuktikan dalam makmal untuk ‘kayu bertukar menjadi batu’ ialah selama 6 jam sahaja
untuk semua proses. Secara teorinya, jika sekiranya keadaan sesuatu tempat menyamai
keadaan dalam makmal tadi, maka masa untuk proses ‘kayu bertukar menjadi batu’ tidak
jauh dari 6 jam sahaja (klik). Petikan dari Wikipedia “In general, stem tissue takes less than 100 years to petrify…..”
dan “ …This process could occur
in less than one thousand years.”
(klik) disebutkan ‘kemungkinan tempoh paling cepat bagi sesuatu bahagian kayu
untuk berubah menjadi batu (petrification) adalah dalam 100 tahun”.
Terdapat banyak artikel menarik berkenaan hal yang
dibincangkan.
Salah satu artikel yang paling menarik ialah (klik). Antara petikan menarik “Accompanying the Battelle article is an
electron microscope photo with an electron microscopic image showing a cross
section of wood that was artifically petrified in days. supposedly
" mimicking a natural process that takes millions of years. " . Sedikit petikan menarik
yang sangat besar kesannya ialah hasil kajian oleh sepasukan 5 saintis Jepun
dalam mencari jawapan (a) diatas: Meanwhile another
breakthrough in the formation of petrified wood. This report from the journal
called Sedimentary Geology. Five
Japenese scientists performed research at the Tateyama Hot Spring in central
Japan. A hot spring lake 30 meters wide occupies one of several craters of the
Tateyama Volcano which is currently quiet except for spouting of hot water.
This hot water is highly acidic and has high silica content. The hot spring
overflows the lake as a 30 meter high waterfall. It was noticed that fallen
wood from trees near the waterfall had become hard and impregnated with silica.
This was verified with electron microscopes. The observed woody tissues looked
exactly like silicified wood from volcanic Miocene age sedimentary volcanic ash
in the nearby Noto Peninsula. They concluded that the same process was taking
place as in the Miocene. Being the astute scientists that they were they
decided to set up an experiment by putting fresh alder wood from the area
tethered with stainless steel wire and immersing them in the hot springs. They
then pulled them out once a year and examined them. They were analyzed to
determine how much silification had taken place. After 7 years in the hot
springs some of the samples had turned into 38% silica by weight. Further
analysis showed that tiny silica spheres had passed into the wood through the
same vessels and structures that water normally passed up through to the trees
leaves and branches. So if water can pass through wood why not hot water laden
with silica and other minerals. The surprising thing was it happend so quickly.
Petikan kesimpulan yang menarik dari artikel ini
(klik) “The main point of this
article is simply to update readers on the state of knowledge of the process of
creating petrified wood. While it may not even be a relevant topic in the
"age of the earth" debate, it may be important to recovering
artifacts from the Great Flood. We are simply reporting that the actual process
of petrification in nature is currently being observed to occur on the time
scale of months, and that now scientists can successfully complete the process
in a few days. So the next time you see some petrified wood, do not think
"millions of years" but simply "years."
Jadi, untuk soalan
(a) di atas apakah jawapannya?
Manakala untuk soalan
(b) ia berkait serba sedikit dengan jawapan (a) dan untuk lebih ketepatan diuji c-14 nya.
Usia fosil yang dinyatakan disini (klik)
adalah daripada kajian pihak university (keterangan dari Bertrand Macray, FGAA)
Kesimpulan mudah: Masa proses yang paling cepat untuk sesuatu ‘kayu bertukar menjadi batu’ (sebenarnya struktur kayu diganti oleh silica.., bkan 'bertukar'), kita ambil nilai mudah iaitu dalam
seratus tahun (hasil kajian saintis menunjukkan mungkin sahaja lebih awal daripada
itu), dan apabila kita memegang sesuatu fosil ‘kayu jadi batu’ mungkin sahaja
usianya itu dalam seratus tahun sahaja.
Nota: terdapat
sejenis lagi 'kayu jadi batu' disamping ‘Petrified wood” yang biasa dilihat iaitu dikenali sebagai ‘Vitrified wood”
iaitu keadaannya dalam bentuk ‘sedikit’ kaca semulajadi, terjadi dekat kawasan gunung
berapi. Indonesia banyak mempunyai ‘kayu jadi batu’ jenis ini. Kebiasaanya ia dipandang sama saja dengan 'petrified wood' yang biasa, walaupun ada perbezaan. Teorinya 'vitrified wood' terjadi ebih pantas daripada 'petrified wood'.
Allahu alam.
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